Chapter 3: Shiksha aur Prarambhik Sangharsh
Term added on Sunday 30th June, 2024 by Team
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar ki jawaani bahut hi sangharshon aur chunautiyon se bhari thi. Unka janam ek garib Dalit parivaar mein Mhow, Madhya Pradesh mein hua tha. Unhone bachpan se bahut julm aur anyay saha hai. Lekin, Babasaheb Ambedkar ke parivaar Sheeksha ki ehmiyat samajhte the aur chaahte the ki unka beta sabse achhi Sheeksha praapt kare.
Babasaheb ke pita British Indian Army mein kaam karte the, isliye ve unhe schoolon mein bhej sakte the jahaan per dusre Dalit bachon ko entry allowed nahi thi.
Babasaheb ki shuruaati ki Sheeksha Dapoli mein hui jahaan unke pita fauj se retired hone ke baad rehte the. Paanch saal ki umar mein, chote Bhimrao ko yahaan ke ek local Marathi school mein bhej diya gaya.
Baad mein, jab unke pita ko Satara transfer kiya gaya aur unhone vahaan ek civil naukri join ki, to ve vahaan ke ek school mein dakhil hue. Lekin vahaan bhi unhe Jaati- Adaharit bhedbhav/anyay sahna pada. Unki sheeksha mein, teachers aur dusre students se bhi unhe dabav sehna pada.
Prathmik Sheeksha puri karne ke baad, Ambedkar ne 1900 mein Satara Government High School mein dakhil liya. School register mein unka official naam Bhima Ramji Ambadawekar tha. Asal mein unke parivaar ka original surname Sakpal tha. Lekin unke purvajon ne apne gaon Ambavade ke naam par apna surname rakhne ka faisal kiya tha, jo ki Ratnagiri jile ke Khed taluka mein tha.
High school ke ek Brahmin teacher (Krishnaji Keshav Ambedkar) ko Bhimrao ki imandari aur buddhi itni pasand aayi ki ve unhe apna shishya banana chaahte the. Vo teacher bahut dayalu aur upkaari the.
Isi teacher ne school records mein unka original surname ‘Ambadawekar’ ko apne hi surname ‘Ambedkar’ se badal diya.
Sare dabav ke bavjood bhi, unhone apni padhai mein bahut achha kiya aur Bombay (Mumbai) mein high school ki padhai ke liye ek scholarship bhi jeeti.
Lekin Mumbai mein unhe aur bhi jyada dikkaton ka samna karna pada. Unhe alag mohalle mein rehne ko majboor kiya gaya aur upar jaati ke students ki tarah paani pine nahi diya jaata tha. Dusre Dalit students ko bhi upar jaati ke students se alag baithne ko kaha jaata tha aur unka mazaak bhi udaya jata tha.
Phir bhi Babasaheb ne mehnat karke 1907 mein Elphinstone High School se pass kiya aur uske baad Elphinstone College mein bhi admission liya. College mein professors ko unki tez buddhi aur kaabiliyat ka pata chal gaya aur unhe America mein aur padhai karne ki salah di.
Babasaheb Ambedkar ne apni sheeksha ko aage badhaane ki ichha thi lekin paise ki kami thi. Unhone Baroda ke Maharaja se scholarship maangi lekin unhe Dalit hone ki vajah se di nahi gai. Lekin phir bhi vo haar nahi maane aur mehnat karke Baroda ke Maharaja se scholarship haasil ki aur 1913 mein America ke Columbia University mein padhai karne ke liye pahunch gaye.
Lekin America mein bhi unhe Jatiwaad aur anyay sahna pada. Niji jeevan aur padhai dono mein unhe dikkaton ka samna karna pada. Phir bhi mehnat karke unhone 1927 mein Economics mein PhD haasil ki aur America ki kisi bhi university se PhD lene wale pehle Bharatiya bane.
School aur college ke Anubhav ne unpe gehra asar daala. Unhone dekha ki kaise jaati-vyavastha ke kaaran se Dalit students poori kshamta se padh nahi paate. Is baat ne unko samajik nyay ke liye aur Sheeksha ke mahatva ko samajhne ke liye prerit kiya.
Babasaheb Ambedkar ki padhai khatam hone ke baad bhi sangharsh karna pada. Unki degrees ke bavjood bhi unhe apne subject economics mein naukri nahi mili. Unhe Bombay ke Sydenham College mein political economy professor banne ko majboor hona pada.
America mein unke anubhav ne unki political soch ko bhi nirmit kiya. Vahan ke civil rights movement aur jaatiya samanta ke sangharsh se vo bahut prerit hue. Unhone India ke Daliton ke sangharsh aur America ke African Americans ke sangharsh mein samaanta payi. Unhe yakin hua ki samajik nyay ke liye political action aur sangharsh zaruri hai.
Babasaheb Ambedkar ke early life ke struggles aur Sheeksha ke prati unke commitment ne unhe baad mein activism ke liye taiyaar kiya. Unhone samajha ki Daliton aur anya vanchit samaj ke liye sheeksha bahut zaruri hai aur iske liye school aur colleges khulwane ki ladaai ladi. Bharat ki sheeksha vyavastha ko inclusive aur har vyakti ke liye accessible banane ke liye kaam kiya.
Babasaheb Ambedkar ki early life struggles ne unhe azaadi sangharsh ko bhi ek alag nazariye se dekhne ki shakti di. Azadi ke ilawa samajik nyay bhi zaruri tha, jaise Daliton aur anya vanchit samajon ke liye. Unhe laga ki sirf jaati vyavastha khatam karke ek democratic aur samanta wala samaj banaya ja sakta hai.
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar ke jeevan ka yeh chapter musibaton ke bavjood mehnat aur lagan ka ghatna-chakra hai. Bachpan se hi unhone jaatiye anyay sahe, lekin phir bhi sheeksha haasil karne ki lagan rakhi aur samajik nyay ke liye kaam kiya. Unki school aur college ki struggle ne unki political soch ko nirmit ki aur samajik samanta ke liye ladne ka jazba jagaya.
Babasaheb Ambedkar